Fluorine is a chemical element with atomic number 9. In addition to nine protons, fluorine has 10 neutrons in its atomic nucleus. So the total number of its nucleons is 19, which represents the mass number of this chemical element. When electroneutral, this element has 9 electrons in its electron shell.
Tags:
– Atomic number is marked with yellow color
– The mass number is marked with red color
The exact number of elementary particles in the atom is 28, of which 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons.
Important information
The Latin name for fluorine is fluere. The very name comes from this word, which is similar in French and has the meaning “to flow” or “flux”.
If found in pure form, fluorine is poisonous and dangerous! In contact with human skin it can very easily cause burns.
It is a chemical element that is considered the most electronegative compared to all other chemical elements. This allows it to easily react in contact with other materials. It easily binds to carbon and in combination with it builds many different types of compounds. This element combined with moist air is known to form hydrofluoric acid which can be very dangerous. This initiates the transport of fluorine to take place according to strictly prescribed rules and criteria.
It is often used in dental products for dental health care. It is found in toothpaste, tablets, and nail polishes, as well as in fluoridated water.
Fluorine was discovered by a famous French scientist who worked on the advancement of physics and chemistry, Andre Marie Ampere, and was named from Humphrey Davy.
| 1. | Name of a chemical element | Fluorine |
| 2. | Chemical symbol | F |
| 3. | Atomic number (number of protons) | 9 |
| 4. | Mass number (number of nucleons) | 19 |
| 5. | Category | Non-metal |
| 6. | Color | Yellow – greenish |
| 7. | Phase | Gas |
| 8. | Melting point | – 219,67* |
| 9. | Boiling point | – 188,11* |
| 11. | Density | 1,696** |
| 12. | Standard atomic weight | 18,998403163(6) |
*The temperature in the table is in degrees Celsius.
**The density in the table is in grams per cubic centimeter.
Isotopes of fluorine
Fluorine has several isotopes with mass numbers from 13 to 31 (the minimum has only three neutrons more than fluorine, while the maximum has 21 neutrons more than fluorine), but none of them is found in a stable state. Most of them have a relatively short half-life.
Although unstable, a good number of isotopes are in use in industry, while the isotopes fluorine-18 and fluorine-20 are in use in medicine.
In the scientific world there is controversy about the use of fluoride in dentistry and pharmacy. Some scientists consider that the use of this chemical element is very harmful and dangerous and include it in materials that could cause very serious diseases.
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